真空引水罐凍裂了怎么辦？
最近很多地方正在經(jīng)歷一場溫度較低的嚴(yán)寒，二九天天寒地凍，像上海等一些江南城市已經(jīng)多年沒遇到過零下八度的低溫天氣了。“數(shù)九”又稱“冬九九”（shǔjiǔ），是中國冬季一種民間節(jié)氣。“數(shù)九”從內(nèi)每年陽歷12月下旬初容“冬至”的次日開始。“數(shù)九”習(xí)俗起源于何時，現(xiàn)在還沒有確切的資料。不過，至少在南北朝時已經(jīng)流行。梁代宗懔《荊楚歲時記》中就寫道：“俗用冬至日數(shù)及九九八十一日，為寒盡。”數(shù)九寒天，就是從冬至算起，每九天算一“九”，一直數(shù)到“九九”八十一天，“九盡桃花開”，天氣就暖和了。還有首歌是這么唱的：一九、二九不出手；三九、四九冰上走；五九和六九，河邊看楊柳；七九河開，八九雁來；九九加一九，耕牛遍地走。
如今科技發(fā)達(dá)了，天氣預(yù)報(bào)也能夠很早預(yù)測這種惡劣天氣了。雖然天氣預(yù)報(bào)早就提示低溫天氣的來臨，但是智者千慮尚有一失。最近，有多位用戶陸續(xù)反映水管凍裂了、水泵泵體凍裂了、真空罐引水罐凍裂了，前兩者我們之前的文章中已談過，今天來說說真空引水罐凍裂了怎么辦？
首先我們來說說真空引水罐的工作原理：
使用前，真空罐必須注滿水。當(dāng)真空引水罐內(nèi)的水被泵吸出時，罐內(nèi)產(chǎn)生負(fù)壓（真空）或由真空泵強(qiáng)制。由于大氣壓力的影響，儲液罐中的水通過吸入管進(jìn)入真空罐，由泵連續(xù)供水或啟動離心泵。
特點(diǎn)及適用范圍：
真空引水罐用于無自吸功能的下吸式（低水高泵）水泵。ALIWATER真空引水罐結(jié)構(gòu)獨(dú)特，真空度高，保證了水泵的高工作效率，取代了真空引水泵。體積可由下列公式確定：（L+H）×s≤0.14v或V≥7（L+H）×s
式中l(wèi)——吸水管垂直高度（吸水管垂直高度不大于6m）與水平長度之和；
H——真空引水罐高度；
S——吸入管截面積；
V——真空引水罐總?cè)莘e。
我們來談?wù)凙LIWATER真空引水罐的使用
一、根據(jù)圖紙連接吸入管、真空罐和水泵。
二、松開水箱上方的銅旋塞或在此連接真空泵，打開水箱上方進(jìn)水口的盲板法蘭，向水箱中加入清水。當(dāng)銅旋塞有穩(wěn)定的水流出時，緊固盲板，擰緊銅旋塞。
三、確認(rèn)無泄漏后，啟動水泵，投入正常使用。
根據(jù)理想氣體的波義耳定律，P1*V1=P2*v2
P1：大氣壓力（計(jì)算絕對壓力，取1bar左右）
V1:真空罐進(jìn)口管容積+無效容積
P2:真空罐運(yùn)行時的壓力，一般為負(fù)壓（如吸入壓頭為3米，則為0.7巴）
V2:真空罐進(jìn)口管容積+無效容積+有效容積
由于實(shí)際操作過程中有多個因素（如管道損耗、溶解氣體等），我把真空罐做大了，一般系數(shù)為1.5~2.0。
ALIWATER真空引水罐又稱虹吸桶、真空桶、引水罐等，利用密閉容器的真空可產(chǎn)生吸力的原理,配合鈦龍離心泵使用可產(chǎn)生自吸效果(等同于VAREM自吸泵),最大自吸高度4m左右。真空引水罐的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是組裝方便,泵頭容易維護(hù)。真空引水罐凍裂一般是在罐體與封頭接縫處，我們可以采用電焊的方式，將其漏點(diǎn)打磨后補(bǔ)焊，補(bǔ)焊后再打磨平整，用氣泵試壓。最后再刷上防銹漆和面漆，以確保后期使用時不會過分生銹。
另外，在初次運(yùn)行時，應(yīng)盡量將ALIWATER真空引水罐注滿水；保證泵進(jìn)口前端、泵體及機(jī)械密封的密封性能；在泵出口處安裝止回閥；泵進(jìn)口處管道需向下傾斜；泵送時控制吸入。如需了解更多關(guān)于ALIWATER真空引水罐的技術(shù)問題，歡迎與上海龍亞真空引水罐技術(shù)部洽談。
How to do if the vacuum diversion tank is cracked?
Recently, many places are experiencing a cold weather with low temperature. It's freezing every day in February and September. Some cities in the south of the Yangtze River, such as Shanghai, haven't experienced a low temperature of minus eight for many years. "Shujiu", also known as "dongjiujiu" (SH ǔ Ji ǔ), is a folk solar term in winter in China. "Number nine" starts from the next day of "winter solstice" in the late December of the lunar calendar. There is no exact information about the origin of the custom of counting nine. However, it was popular at least in the northern and Southern Dynasties. "The winter solstice days and 9981 days are commonly used for cold exhaustion," wrote Liang Daizong Counting nine cold days means counting "Nine" every nine days from the winter solstice until the eighty-one day of "Nine", when "nine peach blossoms bloom", the weather will be warm. There is also a song that goes like this: no action in nineteen ninety-nine or nineteen twenty-nine; walking on the ice in thirty-nine or forty-nine; watching willows by the river in fifty-nine or sixty-nine; wild geese coming in eighty-nine when the river opens in seventy-nine; cattle walking all over the land in ninety-nine plus one nine.
With the development of science and technology, the weather forecast can predict this kind of bad weather very early. Although the weather forecast has long suggested the coming of low temperature, the wise man still has some mistakes. Recently, many users have reported that the water pipes, the pump body and the vacuum tank are cracked. We have talked about the first two in previous articles. Today, what should we do if the vacuum tank is cracked?
First of all, let's talk about the working principle of the vacuum diversion tank
The vacuum tank must be filled with water before use. When the water in the vacuum water diversion tank is pumped out, negative pressure (vacuum) is generated in the tank or forced by the vacuum pump. Due to the influence of atmospheric pressure, the water in the liquid storage tank enters the vacuum tank through the suction pipe, and the pump continuously supplies water or starts the centrifugal pump.
Features and scope of application:
The vacuum water diversion tank is used for the downdraft (low water high pump) pump without self-priming function. The unique structure and high vacuum degree of aliwater vacuum water diversion tank ensure the high working efficiency of the pump and replace the vacuum water diversion pump. The volume can be determined by the following formula: (L + H) × s ≤ 0.14v or V ≥ 7 (L + H) × s
Where l -- the sum of the vertical height of the suction pipe (the vertical height of the suction pipe is not more than 6m) and the horizontal length;
H -- height of vacuum diversion tank;
S -- sectional area of suction pipe;
V -- total volume of vacuum water diversion tank.
Let's talk about the use of aliwater vacuum diversion tank
1、 Connect the suction pipe, vacuum tank and water pump according to the drawing.
2、 Loosen the copper cock above the water tank or connect the vacuum pump here, open the blind flange of the water inlet above the water tank, and add clean water into the water tank. When there is stable water flowing out of the copper cock, tighten the blind plate and tighten the copper cock.
3、 After confirming that there is no leakage, start the water pump and put it into normal use.
According to Boyle's law of ideal gas, P1 * V1 = P2 * v2
P1: atmospheric pressure (calculated absolute pressure, about 1bar)
V1: volume of vacuum tank inlet pipe + invalid volume
P2: pressure of vacuum tank during operation, generally negative pressure (if suction head is 3M, it is 0.7 bar)
V2: volume of vacuum tank inlet pipe + invalid volume + effective volume
Due to many factors (such as pipeline loss, dissolved gas, etc.) in the actual operation process, I enlarged the vacuum tank, and the general coefficient is 1.5 ~ 2.0.
The frost crack of vacuum water diversion tank is generally at the joint between tank body and head. We can use electric welding to grind the leakage point and then repair it. After repair welding, grind it flat again and use air pump to test pressure. Finally, the antirust paint and topcoat are applied to ensure no excessive rust during later use.
In addition, during the initial operation, the airwater vacuum diversion tank should be filled with water as much as possible; the sealing performance of the pump inlet front end, pump body and mechanical seal should be ensured; the check valve should be installed at the pump outlet; the pipeline at the pump inlet should be inclined downward; the suction should be controlled during pumping. If you need to know more about the technical problems of aliwater vacuum diversion tank, you are welcome to discuss with Shanghai Longya vacuum diversion tank technology department.